Todd Friel discusses how to identify false teachers, distinguishing between formal heretics, who knowingly teach false doctrines for personal gain, and material heretics, who are simply ignorant of their errors. He outlines seven marks of a false teacher, including their tendency to please people and focus on trivial matters, emphasizing the need for discernment when evaluating pastors. Friel concludes with four principles for discerning false teachings, encouraging a deep understanding of Scripture and caution in labeling others as heretics.